Drones, larva, and dead bees

It's Saturday, so it's 'open the hive' day here at Poppy Corners. It's hard to wait until afternoon to see inside, but it's the best time of day to do it - it's warm, so we don't upset the temperature of the hive too terribly, and all the bees are busy doing their bee business, so not as many are home and none of them have time to mess with us! Which was particularly good today, as we had three kids here wanting to look inside the hive, so all available veils were taken by them. Tom and I figured that at the rate we're shedding extraneous bee clothing/paraphernalia, in a week or two we'll be opening the hive buck naked. Anyway, the bees were docile as usual, until near the end of our inspection, when they definitely began to let us know that we were unwelcome. As the hive grows bigger, and as we add more bars, there are more things to look at, and the whole process takes longer. I guess from now on I shouldn't look at EVERY bar, just a few in each part of the hive.

This morning as I was watering the plants, I noticed a dead bee on a flower.


Part of me was sad. But then part of me thought, how peaceful she looks! And dying in flowers, not a bad way to go. She's all curled up comfortably. I hope, as bee deaths go, this was a good one.

Bees literally work themselves to death, and the entire design of a bee's life is interesting. When bees are first born, they work in the nursery, tending young. After a while they move up to storing the honey and pollen the gatherers are bringing in. When they are old, they begin foraging, often flying many miles a day to gather nectar and pollen. This is a smartly evolved system, because bees then often die outside the nest, like the bee I found this morning.

If a bee dies in the hive, she is unceremoniously dragged to the front porch and thrown off, into the 'graveyard' below. Here is a photo of the cemetery below the front porch of my hive:


So, all things being equal, I'd prefer to die in the flowers, thank you.

Bees also don't like to poop in their nest. So they fly outside to take care of business. They are fastidious creatures.

Our catalpa tree is blooming, huge orchid-like flowers that must be a little like heaven for honeybees. The blossoms are too high up to get a good photo of the bees actually IN them, but here is the tree:


They flowers smell amazing and I like to just sit under the tree, as blossoms drift down around me.

Inside the hive, things look good. We saw so many drones. We also saw an awful lot of larva, so even though we didn't spot the queen, she's doing her thing. Here is a good picture of both a drone and the larva.


The drone is on the top left of the picture. You can see how much larger he is, and how much fuzzier. Also, his eyes are bigger.  Up on the top right of the photo, you can see the larva curled up. When the larva reaches the correct size, the bees will cap it off with wax so the bee can pupate. That's what the other capped cells are, in this picture.

Drones are fairly unnecessary for my hive. Or, I should say, I don't know what role they fulfill in my hive. My queen has already mated, long ago before I got her, probably - and she stored enough semen in her abdomen that day to lay 2000 eggs a day for the rest of her life. So she doesn't need to mate with the drones she is producing, which is good, since I guess technically they are her sons. So what do the drones in my hive do? Well, apparently, when they get to a certain age, they fly to a "Drone Congregation Area" where they basically drink beers and play video games, waiting for an available queen to fly by, and then they desperately try to mate with her. After one succeeds, the queen flies off afterward with his member still attached to her, and he's basically ripped in half, and subsequently dies.

So, if drones are unnecessary for my hive, why does the queen lay eggs that become drones? No one really knows. Big honey producers often rip off drone cells, killing the bee before it's born. They figure that drones just eat too much of the product. But I feel differently. I think, after thousands of years of evolving, that they've got it pretty well figured out. If there are drone cells, and drones, in the hive, there must be a reason. And I'm not doing this for the honey, anyway.

We put in only one new bar this week. Of the two we put in last week, only one is full of comb; the other is still being built. So they really don't need the added pressure of too much empty space to fill. Bees don't like empty space, but it takes an awful lot of energy to make comb, so I'm trying to balance where their energies are being directed.

Hot, for May

It's hot here. 100 degrees today, and we've had several hot days, with a few more expected in the near  future. We were already in a very serious drought, and this hot spell makes matters worse. The hills, which had turned briefly green, are now suddenly brown. When I hike, the ground is crunchy rather than soft and grassy. My grandmother used to say that California always looks like it needs a bath. We're already hot and dusty, and we don't expect another bath until Christmastime.

I have the sprinklers set to water everything three days a week, for a few minutes. This doesn't cut it in the heat. I find myself out watering the veg every day, twice on hot days. The peas are toast.



Even the hot peppers looked wilted this afternoon.

The bees 'beard' outside the hive, trying to keep warm bodies outside so the brood doesn't go above 93 degrees. Several stand in the door, fanning their wings furiously. Many more fly aimlessly in circles above the hive. They're listless and restless, about how we all feel when it's this hot.



At work, the First Graders are quite simply crazed. Summer is calling; the pool will be open soon; vacations beckon. No one wants to work in a hot, airless room.

Every time I stroke the dog, a handful of hair comes away. He pants constantly, noisily. The cat hides under the bushes. In the house, tempers flare, chores and homework are a constant battle.

The only thing loving the heat are the tomatoes - I think they grow inches a day.



My chief pleasure on these afternoons is a glass of iced coffee with heavy cream.



And it's not even summer, yet.

Bees Being Born

We opened the hive for inspection this afternoon; my goal was to find the queen. I don't know why I feel the need to SEE her so desperately, as the evidence of her is all over the hive. I guess I'll have to  keep hoping, because she stayed hidden today.

However, we watched bees being born!

As we inspected the bars of brood, we saw lots and lots of empty cells, because so many bees had hatched. Then, as we looked closer, we saw lots of bees emerging. In the following video, you'll see empty brood cells, and if you look in the center, you'll see a bee halfway out, and another below it just beginning to eat its way out of its cell. This was way cool to watch, I'm sorry the video is shaky, I guess we were just too excited.


We had added two bars last weekend, and both were already full of comb, and some honey. So we added two bars again today. Got to keep ahead of those productive ladies!

A pretty cute beekeeper joined us today.


This was a treat, because generally the kids are not all that keen on the bee hive.

There are some interesting things happening in the flower garden, as well. Plenty of forage for the bees.

I don't remember the name of this plant. It's a native, it has white flowers and a sort of rosemary looking leaf, and after it blooms, the seed pod looks like this:


And I can't remember what this giant thing is, but it sure is spectacular:


The early spring clarkias are blooming. I love this variety - Mountain Garland:


And all the Sticky Monkey Flower is blooming, both in my yard and in the hills. This is a rare variety of Scarlet Monkey Flower (can you see the monkey face?):


A delicate little flower is blooming in the front shady area, I got it in seed form from Larners last Mother's Day, a Tansy-Leaf Phacelia:


And I have a Flowering Pomegranate that was a volunteer from the neighbor's yard. I liked it so much I left it, and now it's huge and very showy:


So exciting things all around in the yard, though I wish more was happening in the veg garden.

Monarchs, Top Bars, and Peas

Hiking this morning with the dog, I came across a familiar patch of milkweed. I always look closely at it, searching for eggs. But look what I found today:


There were several of these Monarch caterpillars, in different places in the milkweed patch, eating away. I've only been able to see this once before. It seems easy to miss, unless you're looking every day, and I hike somewhere different every day, so it's about a week before I come by this patch again. Next time, I'll look for cocoons.

This afternoon, I spent a quality hour preparing more top bars for the beehive. In a top bar hive, there aren't frames - just bars - and the bees build their comb downward from the bar. Beekeepers use different methods to give the bees a guide and help them build the comb straight. Some dip a string in beeswax and lay it in a groove. Some just fill a groove with melted wax and let it harden. When my father built my hive, he glued a bit of honeycombed beeswax in the groove, and this has caused my bees to build very straight comb. However he only put it on eleven bars, and there are 28 in the entire hive. We've already given the bees those first 11 bars. First we started with five, then moved to seven, then nine, and now 11. I'm thinking that they are only going to build more quickly, and I needed to have more bars ready for them.


I ordered sheets of honeycombed beeswax from a candle making company, making sure it was 100% beeswax. I cut the sheets into narrow strips, and spread Elmer's in the groove in the bar, then forced the strips of wax down in there.




And I've got 17 more bars, ready to go.

When the bees have filled all 17, it will be time to harvest honey, depending on the time of year. You want them to have space, but not too much: You want to guide the amount that they are building, but at the same time give them enough room to grow, so that they don't swarm. You want to take enough honey that they have to keep working, but not enough to leave them hungry over the winter. It's a delicate balance.

Right now, I'm keeping them behind a spacer, which I move every time I add bars.


But by the end of the summer, they'll be using the entire hive. It's exciting to see how much the colony is growing.

After I was done with this project, I harvested peas for dinner.


The peas are finishing up, we should get enough for a few more dinners, and then it will be time to rip out the vines and put something else in that spot.

I must confess that I get a little weary of shelling peas. But do they ever taste good.

Freaky Compost Thing

I went out this morning to dump a load in the compost, and this is what I found:


Well of course I was fascinated and dropped all morning school and work preparation in favor of going to the computer to figure out what it was.

Best I can figure, it's a Fuligo septica, or Dog Vomit Fungus. Riiiiiight. Sounds totally gross, but actually it's just a natural part of the decomposition process. Here's more info if you're interested:

Wikipedia

Strange Things in my Yard

Anyone else have any thoughts about this awesomely disgusting monster?